TH/s, PH/s, EH/s, ZH/s: Bitcoin Hashrate Units Explained
TH/s, PH/s, EH/s, ZH/s: Bitcoin Hashrate Units Explained
Michal Beno 12 November 2026 · Hashrate Units
Short answer
Hashrate is how many guesses per second a Bitcoin miner makes. Each unit step is 1,000 times bigger: 1,000 TH/s = 1 PH/s, 1,000 PH/s = 1 EH/s, 1,000 EH/s = 1 ZH/s. The Bitcoin network now runs at about 1 ZH/s, so a single Antminer S23 Hyd at 563 TH/s holds about 0.0000563% of it, which is why almost everyone mines in a pool.
about 1 ZH/s
network hashrate, 30 Oct 2026
563 TH/s
one Antminer S23 Hyd
about 34 years
average wait for a solo block with one S23 Hyd
1What a hash is, in one minute
A Bitcoin miner is a specialised computer, called an ASIC, that plays a guessing game. It takes the data for a new block, adds a random number and runs it through a math function called SHA-256. The result is a hash: a long code that looks random. If the hash is below a target set by the network, the miner wins the block. If not, it changes the number and tries again.
Hashrate counts those tries per second. More guesses per second means a bigger share of the chances to win.
Glossary
Hash
One guess: one run of the SHA-256 function.
Hashrate
Guesses per second. Written H/s.
Network hashrate
All Bitcoin miners in the world added together.
Pool
A group of miners who combine hashrate and split rewards by share of work.
2The units, step by step
Unit
Name
Guesses per second
Where you meet it
H/s
hash
1
Textbook examples
GH/s
gigahash
1 billion
Scrypt miners like the Antminer L9 (17 GH/s)
TH/s
terahash
1 trillion
One Bitcoin miner (Antminer S21: 188 TH/s)
PH/s
petahash
1,000 TH/s
A large unit or a small farm (Whatsminer M79S: about 1.05 PH/s)
Each step up is x 1,000. To go down a step, multiply by 1,000; to go up, divide by 1,000.
Good to know
Hashrates are only comparable within the same algorithm. An Antminer L9 at 17 GH/s mines Scrypt coins (Litecoin and Dogecoin), and an Antminer Z15 Pro at 860 KH/s mines Zcash. Neither number can be set against a Bitcoin miner's TH/s.
3Everyday ways to picture it
One trillion seconds is about 31,700 years. A 1 TH/s Bitcoin miner makes a trillion guesses every single second.
An Antminer S23 Hyd at 563 TH/s does in one second what a person guessing once per second would need nearly 18 million years to finish.
The whole network at 1 ZH/s equals the hashrate of about 1.8 million S23 Hyd units.
Each hashrate unit is 1,000 times the one before.
How much hashrate does one Bitcoin miner have?
Longer bar = more guesses per second
Whatsminer M79S
1,048 TH/s
Sealminer A4 Ultra Hyd
886 TH/s
Antminer S23 XP Hyd
600 TH/s
Antminer S23 Hyd
563 TH/s
Antminer S21+ Hyd
395 TH/s
Sealminer A2 Pro Air
255 TH/s
Antminer S21
188 TH/s
4Your miner's share of the network
Your share
share = your TH/s / network TH/s
On 30 October 2026, public network data puts the network at about 1,000 EH/s, which is 1,000,000,000 TH/s.
Worked example
Worked example: one Antminer S23 Hyd
Your hashrate
563 TH/s
Network hashrate
1,000,000,000 TH/s
Share: 563 / 1,000,000,000
0.000000563, or 0.0000563%
Blocks per day on the network
144 (one every ~10 minutes)
Expected blocks per day: 144 x 0.000000563
0.000081
On average, one S23 Hyd would find a block once every 12,335 days, about 33.8 years, mining alone at today's hashrate.
Good to know
Expected blocks are an average, not a schedule. A solo miner could find a block next week or never in a lifetime. The math only says what happens on average across many tries, which is exactly why pools exist: they turn that average into a payout you can actually see each day.
Network hashrate is not fixed. When new Bitcoin miners switch on around the world, the total rises, and every existing miner's slice gets a little thinner. Bitcoin balances this with difficulty: every 2,016 blocks, roughly every two weeks, the network resets how hard the guessing game is so blocks keep arriving about every 10 minutes. The latest adjustment, per public network data, was +5.5%.
Worked example
Worked example: the network grows 5.5%
Network hashrate after growth: 1,000 EH/s x 1.055
about 1,055 EH/s
S23 Hyd daily BTC before: about 0.000256
about $19.85 per day
S23 Hyd daily BTC after: 0.000256 / 1.055
about 0.000242 BTC
Value at about $77,600
about $18.81 per day
The same Bitcoin miner earns about 5.2% less BTC after a 5.5% rise in network hashrate, unless price or fees move the other way. Estimate only.
This is why efficiency and power price matter so much over time. A Bitcoin miner cannot control the network. It can only control what each terahash costs to run, and how many hours a day it stays online.
6Solo vs pool: same average, very different ride
Solo mining means keeping the whole block reward if you win, and nothing if you do not. Pool mining means sharing every block the pool finds in proportion to your hashrate. The average is the same in both cases. The difference is how bumpy the path is.
Worked example
Worked example: the same S23 Hyd in a pool
Rewards per day on the network: 144 x (3.125 + about 0.03 fees)
about 454 BTC
Your share: 454 x 0.000000563
about 0.000256 BTC per day
In 30 days
about 0.0077 BTC
At about $77,600 per BTC
about $19.85 per day
A pool turns a once-in-34-years lottery ticket into a small, steady daily payout, before pool fee and power cost. Estimate from public network data on 30 October 2026.
How long would a solo miner wait for one block, on average?
Longer bar = longer average wait in years at 1 ZH/s
Antminer S21 (188 TH/s)
101 years
Antminer S23 Hyd (563 TH/s)
33.8 years
Whatsminer M79S (1,048 TH/s)
18.1 years
10 x S23 XP Hyd (6,000 TH/s)
3.2 years
Setup
Chance of at least one solo block in a year
1 x Antminer S21
about 1.0%
1 x Antminer S23 Hyd
about 2.9%
1 x Whatsminer M79S
about 5.4%
10 x Antminer S23 XP Hyd
about 27%
MYTH: Solo mining pays more.
FACT: The long-run average is the same. Solo just swaps steady payouts for rare jackpots.
MYTH: My hashrate is too small to matter.
FACT: In a pool, every terahash earns its exact share, however small.
Try it on OneMiners
Turn this guide into real numbers in a few clicks.
OneMiners hosts Bitcoin miners across 17 live locations with 98%+ average uptime. Uptime matters: a miner that is offline earns no share. The mobile app shows each miner's live hashrate, and 7-year prepaid power starts at 3.6 cents/kWh in Nigeria (rates as listed on 30 October 2026; check the hosting page for current rates).
8Frequently asked questions
How many TH/s is 1 EH/s?
1,000,000 TH/s. And 1 ZH/s is 1,000,000,000 TH/s.
What is the Bitcoin network hashrate now?
About 1 ZH/s (1,000 EH/s) on 30 October 2026, per public network data. It changes daily.
Can one Bitcoin miner find a block alone?
It can, but rarely. One 563 TH/s unit would wait about 34 years on average at today's hashrate.
Why join a mining pool?
A pool pays a steady share of every block it finds instead of a rare full reward.
This article is for education only and is not financial advice. Mining revenue depends on the Bitcoin price, network difficulty, fees, power costs and uptime, all of which change. Figures are estimates based on public network data and rates listed on oneminers.com on 30 October 2026; check the live pages for current rates and prices.
Michal Beno
